Below you will find our collection of revision notes and video tutorials. In this part of the website you can find a range of materials designed to support you through your gcse science revision. The products of cracking include shorter alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons called alkenes. Cracking and alkenes gcse chemistry single science revision. It is caused by the breaking of carboncarbon bonds. Gcse crude oil revise the thermal cracking reaction. Cracking oil fraction hydrocarbons to produce more useful products. Index of pages on oil, its many useful products, environmental problems and an introduction to organic chemistry doc browns revision notes for gcse, igcse, o level, ks4 sciencechemistry courses the organic chemistry of carbon compounds is so important that it forms a separate branch of chemistry.
Thermal cracking gives mixtures of products containing high proportions of. Petrol and other fuels are produced from it using fractional distillation. You tend to get molecules containing benzene rings and short hydrocarbons. High octane starter to inject pace which is easily adapted for other lessons. Gcse chemistry revision science section covering cracking and its products, hydrocarbons, catalyst, thermal decomposition, alkanes, single and double covalent bonds, and cracking paraffin. Cracking cracking is the breaking down of an unsaturated hydrocarbon into smaller hydrocarbons. There is a greater demand for smaller hydrocarbons than larger ones.
Catalytic cracking and balance equation gcse science balancing equations. The purpose of cracking is to produce high demand hydrocarbons. Cracking is defined as a process, wherein complex organic molecules namely long chain hydrocarbons or kerogens are broken down into smaller molecules namely light hydrocarbons. Cracking oil and alkenes gcse triple award revision. The bad news is that organic chemistry is kind of a big topic. Theyre found in crude oil and have many uses, from fuel to construction materials. As part of their work on crude oil, gcse chemistry students will look at thermal cracking. Gcse chemistry what is the cracking of hydrocarbons. Do larger hydrocarbons have a higher or lower boiling point than smaller hydrocarbons. All resources are updated for the latest aqa 91 chemistry specification. This is a chemical reaction in which heat breaks down long chain molecules into smaller ones. Complete the sentences using the words in the boxes.
Doc browns gcseigcseo level ks4 sciencechemistry revision notes. Hydrocarbons from oil a2levellevelrevision, chemistry. Cracking edexcel gcse chemistry single science revision. Fuels made from oil mixtures containing large hydrocarbon. This page also contains the link to the notes and video for the revision of this topic.
This page contains the aqa gcse chemistry c9 hydrocarbons questions and kerboodle answers for revision and understanding hydrocarbons. Some of the large hydrocarbons the heavier fractions are broken down into more useful smaller hydrocarbons lighter fractions by a process known as cracking. Displacement when one more reactive element pushes another less reactive element out of a compound. Firstly, students asked to think about a question that oil companies face what to do with longer chain hydrocarbons which are in less demand than smaller chain hydrcarbons.
Gcse aqa revision combined science gcse aqa revision combined science gcse aqa revision combined science gcse aqa revision combined. A good example of this is the cracking of hydrocarbons. Bromine water can be used to test for the presence of unsaturated molecules. Cracking is used to convert long alkanes into shorter, more useful hydrocarbons. Gcse chemistry unit 1 cracking alkanes to make alkenes cracking alkanes to make alkenes. Alkenes unsaturated hydrocarbons their chemical reactions. What conditions are needed for cracking of large hydrocarbons. Balanced equation for cracking of heptane deviltopp. Cracking hydrocarbon chains will be expected for all three exam boards which are aqa. Cracking is the process of converting alkanes into alkenes and shorter alkanes. For the best revision experience, use both the notes and the videos at the same time to help you follow along.
Cracking meaning types of cracking organic chemistry. Learn the basics about the cracking of hydrocarbons and why it is done. Have a go at this interactive aqa syllabus a quiz and revise what youve learned about their chemistry. Chemistry revision notes on the topic cracking hydrocarbons. After the fractional distillation of crude oil there are too many large hydrocarbons and not enough small hydrocarbons to meet the publics demand. You will find a general guide which has been produced to help you revise for all your subjects and then there are some specific materials which have been produced to help you with your science gcse revision. Gcse chemistry revision questions fossil fuels crude.
Mfl department at clough hall school gcse religious studies by revision buddies is a decent app for those of you wanting to cram in a few moments of worthwhile but succinct revision before the big day. Two methods of cracking how to write a balanced equation for cracking what an alkene is, and how they differ from an alkane the test for alkenes the. In this video, we look at how cracking is used to convert longchain hydrocarbons into shorterchain. Conformations are the different arrangement of atoms that can be converted into one another by rotation. Gcse c1a alkane alkene revision flashcards quizlet. Cracking is normally carried out at high temperatures using a catalyst. New91 aqa gcse chemistry c9 hydrocarbons kerboodle. Cracking and alkenes crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes. Revision homework cracking hydrocarbons the production of some products of fractional distillation of crude oil, such as naphtha, fuel oil and bitumen, exceeds demand. Revise what you learned in year 10 and year 11 in this exciting quiz.
The carbon atoms in these molecules are joined together in chains and rings. Give two examples of properties of hydrocarbons that are dependent upon the size of the hydrocarbon molecule. The best way to remember the information in this chapter is to get a pen and paper and write down your answers before clicking on the answer link which will take you to the correct page. Industrial processes such as cracking and reforming use these fractions to make hydrocarbons, which are in short supply. Alkanes crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes aqa gcse. Crude oil and hydrocarbons crude oil, hydrocarbons and. Gcse chemistry revision covering cracking and its products, hydrocarbons, catalyst, thermal decomposition, alkanes, single covalent bonds, alkenes, double covalent bonds, and cracking paraffin. To do well in gcse science, year 10 and year 11 students will need to know what hydrocarbons and alkenes are. The rate of catalyst greatly depends upon the factors such as the presence of catalyst and temperature. Hydrocarbons and crude oil gcse chemistry combined. This lesson is designed for the new aqa trilogy chemistry gcse, particularly the organic chemistry sow.
We crack alkanes because the shorter chain alkanes are more valuable they are used as fuel. Oil, useful products, environmental problems, introduction to organic chemistry. A feedstock is a raw material used to provide reactants for an industrial reaction. Basic gc i know hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen. I print the starter as as handout sheet so they only have to complete the cloze exercise without writing everything.
Browns gcseigcseo level ks4 sciencechemistry revision notes. Thermal decomposition a single substance is broken down by heating. The general formula for the homologous series of alkenes is cnh2n. Gcse chemistry revision scool, the revision website. I saw an example of cracking hexane and decane and one of the products of both was always ethene. Alkenes are unsaturated which means they contain a carboncarbon double bond. This page contains the detailed and easy notes for aqa gcse chemistry organic chemistry for revision and understanding organic chemistry. Cracking hydrocarbons edexcel gcse chemistry revision notes. This video prepares students for gcse higher tier science. Cracking gcse chemistry single science revision wjec bbc.
So were going to split it up into the main topics you need to learn for gcse, namely alkanes, alkenes and and the cracking of crude oil. Cracking heat hydrocarbons and vapourise them then pass these vapours over a catalyst. Written by teachers for the edexcel igcse chemistry course. We can break down hydrocarbons in a process called cracking. What is the name of the process by which large hydrocarbons are broken up into smaller, more useful molecules. Gcse combined science revision gcse computer science revision. Learn about crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes with bitesize gcse chemistry aqa. In the ball and stick models below, carbon atoms are black and hydrogen atoms are white. The alkenes are a series of hydrocarbon molecules made of carbon and hydrogen. So lets get cracking get it with alkenes and crude oil. Gcse chemistry revision guides and question banks covering periodoc table, acids and alkalis, rates of reaction and all core gcse chemistry topics. It is the remains of plantsanimalsfossils produced over millions of years.
Give a description of how crude oil is formed and where it is found. Index of oil and organic chemistry gcseigcseo level. Cracking oil fractions reaction conditions products equations. Gcse chemistry revision science section covering cracking and its products, hydrocarbons, catalyst, thermal decomposition, alkanes, single and double. Designed by expert teachers for the edexcel gcse 91 chemistry syllabus. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Mr ridgway, king edward vi camp hill school for girls i am loving the design and how easy the app is to use. Cracking is an example of a thermal decomposition chemical reaction.